Exfo AXS-100 Series OTDR Manual de usuario

User GuideOTDRAXS-100 Series

Introducing the AXS-100 Series OTDR2 AXS-100 SeriesMain FeaturesNote: Ports and connectors on your unit may differ from the illustration.On some model

Inspecting Fibers with the FIP92 AXS-100 SeriesAdjusting Brightness and Contrast for the FIPAdjusting Brightness and Contrast for the FIPYou can adjus

Inspecting Fibers with the FIPOTDR 93Setting Storage Parameters for ImagesSetting Storage Parameters for ImagesEach time you save an image, the unit s

OTDR 9512 Testing Network ConnectionsThe two most common basic tests widely used in networking are the ping test and the trace route test. With these

Testing Network Connections96 AXS-100 SeriesPerforming a Ping TestTo perform a ping test:1. Connect the network cable to the RJ-45 port located on the

Testing Network ConnectionsOTDR 97Performing a Trace Route TestPerforming a Trace Route TestThe trace route test is used to evaluate the average numbe

Testing Network Connections98 AXS-100 SeriesSetting Storage Parameters for Ping TestsSetting Storage Parameters for Ping TestsEach time you save ping

Testing Network ConnectionsOTDR 99Setting Storage Parameters for Trace Route TestsSetting Storage Parameters for Trace Route TestsEach time you save t

OTDR 10113 MaintenanceTo help ensure long, trouble-free operation:³ Always inspect fiber-optic connectors before using them and clean them if necessar

Introducing the AXS-100 Series OTDROTDR 3Main FeaturesOther test utilities:³ Visual fault locator to inspect or identify fibers (optional)³ Video fibe

Maintenance102 AXS-100 SeriesCleaning EUI ConnectorsCleaning EUI ConnectorsRegular cleaning of EUI connectors will help maintain optimum performance.

MaintenanceOTDR 103Cleaning EUI Connectors5. Repeat steps 3 to 4 with a dry cleaning tip.Note: Make sure you don’t touch the soft end of the cleaning

Maintenance104 AXS-100 SeriesCleaning Detector PortsCleaning Detector PortsRegular cleaning of detectors will help maintain measurement accuracy.To cl

MaintenanceOTDR 105Recharging Main BatteriesRecharging Main Batteries³ The charge status of both batteries is shown on the Unit Information pane(press

Maintenance106 AXS-100 SeriesReplacing BatteriesReplacing BatteriesAs soon as you remove the battery compartment door, the unit will turn itself off.T

MaintenanceOTDR 107Recalibrating the UnitRecalibrating the UnitManufacturing and service center calibrations are based on the ISO/IEC 17025 Standard,

Maintenance108 AXS-100 SeriesUpgrading the AXS-100 Series OTDR SoftwareUpgrading the AXS-100 Series OTDR SoftwareThe necessary software has been prein

MaintenanceOTDR 109Upgrading the AXS-100 Series OTDR SoftwareTo upgrade the software:1. Turn on the computer and insert the installation CD in the CD-

Maintenance110 AXS-100 SeriesRecycling and Disposal (Applies to European Union Only)Recycling and Disposal (Applies to European Union Only)³ Unless ot

OTDR 11114 TroubleshootingSolving Common ProblemsThe table below presents common problems and their solution.Problem Possible Cause SolutionImpossible

Introducing the AXS-100 Series OTDR4 AXS-100 SeriesMain FeaturesOther useful characteristics:³ Customizable test thresholds with visual pass/fail anal

Troubleshooting112 AXS-100 SeriesSolving Common ProblemsDuring offset nulling, you get the following message:“Light detected during nulling.”Light rea

TroubleshootingOTDR 113Solving Common ProblemsYou can no longer view the OTDR application.Shut down the unit by pressing and holding it down.You wil

Troubleshooting114 AXS-100 SeriesSolving Common ProblemsThe application displays a message indicating that a “live fiber error” occurred.Light has bee

TroubleshootingOTDR 115Obtaining Online HelpObtaining Online HelpContext-sensitive help is conveniently available at all times to guide you through th

Troubleshooting116 AXS-100 SeriesContacting the Technical Support GroupContacting the Technical Support GroupTo obtain after-sales service or technica

TroubleshootingOTDR 117TransportationYou may also be requested to provide the firmware or software version numbers.To find out the firmware or softwar

OTDR 11915 WarrantyGeneral InformationEXFO Inc. (EXFO) warrants this equipment against defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year fr

Warranty120 AXS-100 SeriesLiabilityLiabilityEXFO shall not be liable for damages resulting from the use of the product, nor shall be responsible for a

WarrantyOTDR 121ExclusionsExclusionsEXFO reserves the right to make changes in the design or construction of any of its products at any time without i

Introducing the AXS-100 Series OTDROTDR 5Power SourcesPower SourcesThe unit operates with the following power sources:³ AC adapter/charger (connected

Warranty122 AXS-100 SeriesService and RepairsService and RepairsEXFO commits to providing product service and repair for five years following the date

WarrantyOTDR 123EXFO Service Centers WorldwideEXFO Service Centers WorldwideIf your product requires servicing, contact your nearest authorized servic

OTDR 125A Technical SpecificationsIMPORTANTThe following technical specifications can change without notice. The information presented in this section

Technical Specifications126 AXS-100 Series

OTDR 127B Description of Event TypesThis section describes all types of events that may appear in the events table generated by the application. Here

Description of Event Types128 AXS-100 SeriesContinuous FiberContinuous Fiber This event indicates that the selected acquisition range was shorter than

Description of Event TypesOTDR 129End of AnalysisEnd of Analysis This event indicates that the pulse width used did not provide enough dynamic range t

Description of Event Types130 AXS-100 SeriesNon-Reflective EventNon-Reflective Event This event is characterized by a sudden decrease in the Rayleigh

Description of Event TypesOTDR 131Positive EventPositive Event This event indicates a splice with an apparent gain, due to the junction of two fiber s

Introducing the AXS-100 Series OTDR6 AXS-100 SeriesOTDR Basic PrinciplesOTDR Basic PrinciplesAn OTDR sends short pulses of light into a fiber. Light s

Description of Event Types132 AXS-100 SeriesLaunch LevelLaunch LevelThis event indicates the level of the signal launched into the fiber.³ The figure

Description of Event TypesOTDR 133Fiber SectionFiber SectionThis symbol denotes a fiber section with no event.³ The sum of all fiber sections containe

Description of Event Types134 AXS-100 SeriesReflective Event (Possible Echo)Reflective Event (Possible Echo)This symbol indicates a reflective event t

Description of Event TypesOTDR 135EchoEchoThis symbol indicates that an echo has been detected after the end of the fiber.³ In the example above, the

Description of Event Types136 AXS-100 SeriesMerged Reflective EventMerged Reflective EventThis symbol denotes a reflective event combined with one or

Description of Event TypesOTDR 137Merged Reflective Event³ The total loss (Δ dB) produced by the events is measured by plotting two straight lines.³ T

Description of Event Types138 AXS-100 SeriesReflective EventReflective EventReflective faults appear as spikes in the fiber trace. They are caused by

IndexOTDR 139IndexAAC adapter/charger ... 5, 10acquisitionAuto mode ... 39Fault

Index140 AXS-100 Seriesdeleting files... 67descriptionevent types ...

IndexOTDR 141Hhazard, laser radiation...9–10helix factordefinition... 26reverti

Introducing the AXS-100 Series OTDROTDR 7OTDR Basic PrinciplesAn OTDR uses the effects of Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection to measure the fi

Index142 AXS-100 SeriesNnaming image files automatically... 93network testing... 95Ooffset nullin

IndexOTDR 143probeautonaming image files ... 93brightness and contrast, adjusting ... 92connector ...

Index144 AXS-100 SeriesSummary pane ... 24, 53suspend mode... 20symbols,

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Introducing the AXS-100 Series OTDR8 AXS-100 SeriesConventionsConventionsBefore using the product described in this manual, you should understand the

OTDR 92 Safety InformationLaser Safety Information (Units without VFL)Your instrument is a Class 1M laser product in compliance with standards IEC 608

Safety Information10 AXS-100 SeriesLaser Safety Information (Units with VFL)Laser Safety Information (Units with VFL)Your instrument is a Class 3R las

OTDR 113 Getting Started with Your OTDRTurning the Unit On and OffWhen you turn the unit on, you may use it immediately under normal conditions.When t

ii AXS-100 SeriesCopyright © 2007–2010 EXFO Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or t

Getting Started with Your OTDR12 AXS-100 SeriesTurning the Unit On and OffThere are two ways to turn off the AXS-100 Series OTDR³ Suspend: the next ti

Getting Started with Your OTDROTDR 13Using Menus and KeypadUsing Menus and KeypadYou can access optical tools from the keypad or menu. Menu options ma

Getting Started with Your OTDR14 AXS-100 SeriesUsing Menus and KeypadTo access main features:1. Press the Menu key.2. Use the arrows to select a featu

OTDR 154 Customizing Your OTDRSelecting the Distance UnitsThere are three distance units available: meters, miles, and kilofeet.Note: The attenuation

Customizing Your OTDR16 AXS-100 SeriesSelecting the Language of OperationSelecting the Language of OperationYou may display the user interface in one

Customizing Your OTDROTDR 17Setting the Date and TimeSetting the Date and TimeWhen saving results, the unit also saves the corresponding date and time

Customizing Your OTDR18 AXS-100 SeriesAdjusting the BrightnessAdjusting the BrightnessTo fit your work environment, you may adjust the LCD brightness.

Customizing Your OTDROTDR 19Selecting a PrinterSelecting a PrinterTo print reports, you must configure the printer first. Your unit supports the Print

Customizing Your OTDR20 AXS-100 SeriesConfiguring the Power Management SettingsConfiguring the Power Management SettingsWhen you do not use the unit f

OTDR 215 Setting Up Your OTDRInstalling the EXFO Universal Interface (EUI)The EUIfixed baseplate is available for connectors with angled (APC) or non-

ContentsOTDR iiiContentsCertification Information ...

Setting Up Your OTDR22 AXS-100 SeriesCleaning and Connecting Optical FibersCleaning and Connecting Optical FibersTo connect the fiber-optic cable to t

Setting Up Your OTDROTDR 23Cleaning and Connecting Optical Fibers3. Carefully align the connector and port to prevent the fiber end from touching the

24 AXS-100 SeriesSetting General OTDR ParametersSetting General OTDR ParametersYou can set preferences such as:³ Grid: You can display or hide the gri

OTDR 25Setting General OTDR ParametersTo set the general OTDR parameters:1. Press Menu, select Setup > OTDR, and then press Enter.2. Display the Ge

26 AXS-100 SeriesSetting the Acquisition ParametersSetting the Acquisition ParametersYou can set parameters such as IOR (group index), backscatter, an

OTDR 27Setting the Acquisition ParametersTo set the IOR, backscatter, and helix factor parameters:1. Press Menu, select Setup > OTDR, and then pres

28 AXS-100 SeriesSetting the Acquisition ParametersEnabling or Disabling the First Connector CheckThe first connector check feature is used to verify

OTDR 29Setting Analysis ParametersSetting Analysis Parameters³ To define the actual fiber span start, you can set the launch fiber length.When you per

30 AXS-100 SeriesSetting Analysis ParametersTo set analysis parameters:1. Press Menu, select Setup > OTDR, and then press Enter.2. Display the Anal

OTDR 31Setting Pass/Fail ThresholdsSetting Pass/Fail ThresholdsNote: This function is available only with the optional FTTx software package.You can e

Contentsiv AXS-100 Series6 Testing Fibers ...37Testing in

32 AXS-100 SeriesSetting Pass/Fail ThresholdsTo set pass/fail thresholds:1. Press Menu, select Setup > OTDR, and then press Enter.2. Use the left/r

OTDR 33Setting Macrobend ParametersSetting Macrobend ParametersNote: This function is available only with the optional FTTx software package.Your unit

34 AXS-100 SeriesSetting Macrobend ParametersTo set macrobend parameters:1. Press Menu, select Setup > OTDR, and then press Enter.2. Display the Ma

OTDR 35Setting Storage ParametersSetting Storage ParametersEach time you save a trace, the unit suggests a file name based on autonaming settings. Aft

36 AXS-100 SeriesSetting Storage ParametersTo set the file format:1. Press Menu, select Setup > OTDR, and then press Enter.2. Use the left/right fu

OTDR 376Testing FibersThe OTDR offers different test modes:³ Auto: sets all test parameters, performs tests at the specified wavelengths, and provides

Testing Fibers38 AXS-100 SeriesTesting in Auto ModeTesting in Auto ModeThe application will automatically evaluate the best settings according to the

Testing FibersOTDR 39Testing in Auto ModeTo acquire traces in Auto mode:1. Clean the connectors properly (see Cleaning and Connecting Optical Fibers o

Testing Fibers40 AXS-100 SeriesTesting in Auto Mode4. Use the left/right function arrows until you see Parameters, and then display the pane (F1/F2 ke

Testing FibersOTDR 41Testing in Auto Mode8. Specify whether the unit must keep the fiber settings for all acquisitions or not, as follows:8a. Use the

ContentsOTDR v12 Testing Network Connections ... 95Performing a Ping Test ...

Testing Fibers42 AXS-100 SeriesTesting in Fault Finder ModeTesting in Fault Finder Mode Note: This function is available only with the optional FTTx s

Testing FibersOTDR 43Testing in Fault Finder Mode4. Use the left/right function arrows until you see Parameters, and then display the pane (F1/F2 key)

Testing Fibers44 AXS-100 SeriesTesting in Manual (Advanced) ModeTesting in Manual (Advanced) ModeYou can set distance range, pulse, and duration of th

Testing FibersOTDR 45Testing in Manual (Advanced) Mode4. Use the left/right function arrows until you see Parameters, and then display the pane (F1/F2

Testing Fibers46 AXS-100 SeriesTesting in Manual (Advanced) Mode8. Select pulse as follows:8a. Use the arrows to select the Pulse list and press Enter

Testing FibersOTDR 47Monitoring Fiber in Real Time ModeMonitoring Fiber in Real Time ModeYou can monitor fiber at one wavelength at a time. You can al

Testing Fibers48 AXS-100 SeriesMonitoring Fiber in Real Time Mode5. Select the test mode as follows:5a. Use the arrows to select the OTDR mode list an

Testing FibersOTDR 49Monitoring Fiber in Real Time Mode7. Select range as follows:7a. Use the arrows to select the Range list, and then press Enter to

Testing Fibers50 AXS-100 SeriesLaunch Conditions for Multimode MeasurementsLaunch Conditions for Multimode MeasurementsIn a multimode fiber network, t

Testing FibersOTDR 51Launch Conditions for Multimode MeasurementsThe table on fiber types gives information about tests with the 50 μm and 62.5 μm fib

Contentsvi AXS-100 SeriesB Description of Event Types ...127Span Start ...

OTDR 537 Managing Test ResultsThere are many ways to view the results:³ Summary pane³ Events pane³ Trace pane³ Trace Info. (trace information) paneSum

Managing Test Results54 AXS-100 SeriesEvents PaneEvents PaneThis pane shows the list of events found during the test.You can select Events (F1/F2 keys

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 55Trace PaneTrace PaneYou can select Trace (F1/F2 keys) to display the pane. Reflectance and loss values appear in white on

Managing Test Results56 AXS-100 SeriesTrace Info. PaneTrace Info. PaneAfter acquiring a trace, you might want to view details about the acquisition. Y

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 57Trace Info. PaneTo document results:1. Once a trace has been acquired or reopened, press Menu, select OTDR, and then press

Managing Test Results58 AXS-100 SeriesUsing MarkersUsing MarkersYou can use markers (A and B) to view the position and level of an event on a trace. N

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 59Using Zoom ControlsUsing Zoom ControlsAs soon as you select one of the zoom controls to change the scale of the graph, a m

Managing Test Results60 AXS-100 SeriesUsing Zoom ControlsTo view specific portions of the graph:1. Press Menu, select OTDR, and then press Enter.2. Us

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 61Using Zoom ControlsTo revert to the complete graph view:1. From the Trace pane, use the left/right function arrows until y

Certification InformationOTDR viiCertification InformationF.C.C. InformationElectronic test equipment is exempt from Part 15 compliance (FCC) in the U

Managing Test Results62 AXS-100 SeriesPrinting Test ResultsPrinting Test ResultsWith a Printek 2” printer, you can print results directly from the AXS

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 63Opening Trace FilesOpening Trace FilesYou can open a maximum of two files at a time: a main trace and a reference trace (i

Managing Test Results64 AXS-100 SeriesSaving FilesSaving FilesEach time you save a new file, the unit suggests a file name based on autonaming setting

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 65Checking Available MemoryTo save files:1. Use the left/right function arrows until you see Save, and then display the pane

Managing Test Results66 AXS-100 SeriesCreating FoldersCreating FoldersFor easier data management, you can create folders from several panes in the app

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 67Copying, Renaming, or Deleting Files and FoldersCopying, Renaming, or Deleting Files and FoldersYou can copy, rename, or d

Managing Test Results68 AXS-100 SeriesCopying, Renaming, or Deleting Files and FoldersTo rename files or folders:1. Press Menu, select File Manager/In

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 69Copying, Renaming, or Deleting Files and FoldersTo delete files:1. Press Menu, select File Manager/Info. > File Manager

Managing Test Results70 AXS-100 SeriesTransferring Results to a ComputerTransferring Results to a ComputerYou can transfer files from your OTDR to a U

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 71Transferring Results to a ComputerTo transfer files or folders between your unit and a USB memory drive:1. Connect the USB

Certification Informationviii AXS-100 Series Application of Council Directives: 2006/95/EC - The Low Voltage Directive 20

Managing Test Results72 AXS-100 SeriesTransferring Results to a ComputerTo transfer files or folders between your unit and a computer:1. If it is not

Managing Test ResultsOTDR 73Transferring Results to a Computer3. Once ActiveSync indicates that the computer and the OTDR are connected, right-click t

OTDR 758 Using Your OTDR as a Light SourceYou can use your OTDR as a light source. The source signal uses the OTDR ports. This signal can be:³ continu

Using Your OTDR as a Light Source76 AXS-100 SeriesActivating/Deactivating a Light SourceActivating/Deactivating a Light SourceThe Power Meter pane rem

Using Your OTDR as a Light SourceOTDR 77Modulating the Source SignalModulating the Source SignalWhen you turn the unit on, the signal is continuous (u

OTDR 799 Measuring Power or LossThe AXS-100 Series OTDR can be equipped with an optional optical power meter to measure absolute power (in dBm or W) o

Measuring Power or Loss80 AXS-100 SeriesDefining the List of Favorite WavelengthsDefining the List of Favorite WavelengthsYou can put the wavelengths

Measuring Power or LossOTDR 81Setting a Power Correction FactorSetting a Power Correction FactorYou may apply a correction factor (CF) to the measured

OTDR 11 Introducing the AXS-100 Series OTDRThe AXS-100 Series OTDR is a compact handheld OTDR optimized for access/FTTx network testing. The unit can

Measuring Power or Loss82 AXS-100 SeriesReverting to Factory SettingsReverting to Factory SettingsYou can revert to factory settings at any time. The

Measuring Power or LossOTDR 83Nulling OffsetsNulling OffsetsTemperature and humidity variations affect the performance of electronic circuits and opti

Measuring Power or Loss84 AXS-100 SeriesReferencing Your Power Meter to a SourceReferencing Your Power Meter to a SourceIn reference mode, your unit d

Measuring Power or LossOTDR 85Referencing Your Power Meter to a Source4. Activate the source at the desired wavelength.5. Match the power meter wavele

Measuring Power or Loss86 AXS-100 SeriesMeasuring Power or LossMeasuring Power or LossTo measure power or loss:1. If necessary, perform an offset null

Measuring Power or LossOTDR 87Measuring Power or Loss6. Using bulkhead adapters, connect the fiber under test between the reference patchcords (one pa

OTDR 8910 Identifying Fiber Faults VisuallyNote: This feature is available only if your unit is equipped with a VFL port.The visual fault locator (VFL

Identifying Fiber Faults Visually90 AXS-100 SeriesTo activate the VFL and inspect a fiber:1. Connect the fiber under test to the VFL port (see Cleanin

OTDR 9111 Inspecting Fibers with the FIPThe fiber inspection probe (FIP) allows you to find dirty or damaged connectors by displaying an enlarged view